Gier, V.S., Kreiner, D.S. & Hudnell, W.J. (2012) 

We investigated how well adults could recognize the faces of children when they differed in appearance from photographs shown in an alert. College students in three studies saw a mock AMBER Alert while watching a television show. The children appeared either well-groomed with positive affect (as in a school photograph) or disheveled with poor affect (as abducted children might appear).

An abstract is available to view online with restricted access to the full document.  J Police Crim Psych 27, 9–23 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-011-9085-z

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